Physics: Physics is a branch ofscience which deals with physical quantities. In detail, Physics is the study of nature and phenomena occurring in nature. In the study physicists try to discover therules or laws that areoperating in nature, on the basis of observations, comparisons, experiments and analysis.
Fundamental forces in nature
In Physics there are many forces. Among those four are considered as fundamental forces. Those are
1) Gravitational force 2) Electromagnetic force
3) Strong nuclear force 4) Weak nuclear force.
1)Gravitational force:
Gravitational force is the force of mutual attraction between any two massive bodies by virtue of their masses.
Properties:
These forces are
a) very weak in nature
b) long-range forces
c) independent of medium between them
d) depends upon theproduct of the magnitude of the masses
e) inversely proportional to the distance between the masses
f) always along the line joining the two masses
g) only attractive.
2)Electromagnetic force:
The force acting between any two charges at rest is called electrostatic force. The force acting between any two magnetic poles is called magnetic force. Electrostatic and magnetic forces are closeinterrelated. Thus the electrostatic and magnetic forces are considered as two facts of thegeneral force known as theelectromagnetic force.
Eg: If two charges are separated by a distance r then force between them
Properties:
These forces
a) between like charges repulsive and between unlike charges attractive.
b) very strong in nature
c) depends on themedium between them
d) depends upon theproduct of the magnitude of the charges
e) inversely proportional to the distance between the charges
3) Strong nuclear force:
These are the forces between the nucleons (small/ fundamental particles inside the nucleus)
Properties:
These forces are
a) strongest in nature
b) short-range forces
c) spin-dependent
d) charge independent
e) 100 times stronger than electromagnetic forces
4) Weak nuclear force:
These forces appear only in certain nuclear processes like betadecay where nucleus emits anelectron or positron and neutrino.